A hybrid force, the group maintains robust conventional and unconventional military capabilities. He points out that the visual media are one of hezbollah s most effective weapons. Based on more than a decade and a half of reporting in lebanon and conversations with hezbollahs determined fighters, blanford reveals their ideology, motivations, and training, as well as new information on military tactics, weapons, and sophisticated electronic warfare and communications systems. The central business districta battleground on the dividing line between christian east beirut and muslim west beirut during the lebanese civil. The axis of resistance will not tire in the face of media and psychological warfare, hezbollah said thursday, adding that such attacks only serve to reveal the weakness of its opponents. Hezbollah does not agree and is against financing the stl. The al manar channel is hezbollahs main media outlet, reporting on news items, cultivating the personality cult of hassan nasrallah, inculcating hezbollahs ideology, engaging in the glorification of shahids, preaching loyalty to the islamic revolution in iran and its leaders, and engaging in propaganda and psychological warfare which are.
From 2009 to 2012 she served as executive vicepresident at the u. When israel tried to silence hezbollahs mouthpiece, namely the almanar tv. Almanar calls itself the station of resistance, and is instrumental in what hezbollah calls its psychological warfare against the israelis. Today, hezbollah has exploited its privileged position in lebanon to create a mass media outlet, the al manar tv station, with global reach. Oct 31, 2011 hezbollahs position does not need to be announced.
Beirut used to be known as the paris of the middle east, and in the welltodo christian and sunni quarters of the city, the capital of lebanon still manages to cast a spell. While hezbollah s strategy of attrition warfare was fixed, the political aim of israeli withdrawal constant, the means used by hezbollah to reach this political goal varied. Conflicting information strategies in the 2006 lebanese. Dec 23, 2008 when al manar was launched, its website stated its purpose. On thursday, hezbollah backed al manar tv broadcast images of the new longrange missiles. Based on the principles of revolutionary warfare, in particular, psychological. If there is a common theme amongst terrorist organizations today, it is control of the message.
How hezbollah came to dominate information warfare rand. Hezbollah leader shows he knows israels weak spots. Countering hamas and hezbollah propaganda sage books. In return, hezbollah promotes many iranian ideologies in its media stations. Al manar, the selfproclaimed station of the resistance, qanat almuqawama is a key player in what hezbollah calls its psychological warfare against the zionist enemy and an integral part of hezbollahs plan to spread its message to the entire arab world. Based on the contents of its broadcasts, it is also important to point out that hezbollahs media does not hesitate to use horrific imagery to manipulate its viewers to support, or legitimize, its activities.
Aug 04, 2006 but that night, hezbollahs television station, al manar, presented the demonstration in the narrowest of sectarian terms. Al manar, the selfproclaimed station of the resistance, qanat almuqawama is a key player in what hezbollah calls its psychological warfare against the zionist enemy 167 168 and an integral part of hezbollahs plan to spread its message to the entire arab world. Al manar airs hezbollahs hightech propaganda campaign aired october 26, 2000 12. In an interview, an al manar official said its programming is meant to help people on the way to committing what. Hezbollahs biggest test came in mid2006, when its fighters captured two israeli soldiers in a crossborder attack, killing a number of others. Hezbollah marks major triumph as qusayr tips back into. Zionist media says almanar report on general gerstein assassination part of hezbollah psychological warfare against entity. Hezbollah would respond to incursions with its own attacks on israeli forces and also on israeli citizens elsewhere in the world. Inside hezbollah s thirtyyear struggle against israel kindle edition by nicholas blanford.
Hezbollah cut down its forces in syria, says nasrallah. His book on the art of war is still considered a classic and quoted in books and articles on modern. When al manar was launched, its website stated its purpose. The art of war has inevitably felt the consequences of the information revolution that has left traces in all. Hezbollah was blamed for the 1992 bombing of the israeli embassy in buenos aires, which killed twentynine, and of a jewish culture center in the same city two years later, killing eightyfive. Betting that the resistance axis will lose its momentum is delusional, read a statement released by hezbollah s parliamentary bloc, following its. Harakat almuqawama alislamia terrorism is a problem that has been affecting our world since humans have been walking on this planet. Mar 09, 2020 overall, hezbollah uses al manar and other media broadcasts to advance its goals in lebanon, middle east, and the rest of the world. The struggle of hezbollah against israel is a striking case study of applying psychological warfare techniques, which can provide an explanation to the above question as well as to similar. The partys fighting strength has grown substantially since the 2006 lebanon war.
Hezbollah leader shows he knows israels weak spots middle. Claiming to be the first arabs to use modern psychological warfare in an effective way against the israelis, hezbollah s tv station now broadcasts some 18 hours of programming every day. Translation in hatzav report 17 april 1990843007 2. Wars have changed in recent times in many ways, not least because of the role played in warfare by the media and communication technologies. Second, a successful psyop campaign does not begin with the outbreak of hosti. The struggle of hezbollah against israel is a striking case study of applying. Al manar producers boast of creating programming to recruit palestinian suicide bombers. Hezbollah marks major triumph as qusayr tips back into assad camp rebels abandoned the strategic city of qusayr on wednesday in a significant victory for syrias assad regime and a psychological. Al manar, the selfproclaimed station of the resistance, qanat almuqawama is a key player in what hezbollah calls its psychological warfare against the zionist enemy 171 172 and an integral part of hezbollahs plan to spread its message to the entire arab world. Hezbollah s position does not need to be announced.
Schleifer 2006 describes hezbollah s military strategy as twofold. Al manar s stated purpose is to wage psychological warfare against the zionist entity by promoting hezbollahs worldview and encouraging resistance against israel. Hezbollah terrorist leader imad mugniyah killed in syria. Jul 16, 2006 on thursday, hezbollahbacked al manar tv broadcast images of the new longrange missiles. Mugniyah began his career in terrorism in the 1970s with force 17, the personal bodyguard detachment for yassar arafat, and later joined hezbollah. Sheik hassan izzadin, in his capacity as a member of hezbollahs political council and director of hezbollahs mediarelations unit which directly oversees al manar, said to me. Hezbollah fires antitank missiles at military jeep, idf.
At crossroads, hezbollah goes on the attack the new york times. Syrian civil war edit since 2012, hezbollah has engaged on a military deployment to syria to fight for the assad regime in the ongoing civil war. None of the aforementioned hezbollah tactics were new to the world of psyop. Hezbollah uses an array of tactics that include postcards, posters, videos. Hezbollah s biggest test came in mid2006, when its fighters captured two israeli soldiers in a crossborder attack, killing a number of others. Drawing on a wide range of sources, including recently declassified government documents, court records, and personal interviews with intelligence officials. Hezbollah s contact in the press, ibrahim mousawi, turned down any request for a response or for joining the organization members on any type of activity. At crossroads, hezbollah goes on the attack the new york. In spite of the zionist military assessments which imply that hezbollah is thoroughly engaged in syria war, and while the military intelligence assessment holds that the risk of a hezbollah initiated war is low, the possibility that a war could break out as the result of a miscalculation between the sides or due to a certain incident on the. The specific targeting of almanar, the hizballah controlled television station, and the lebanese international airport as well as the blockading of lebanons sea ports was an attempt to force the. The military analyst of the hebrew daily, amos harel, addressed hezbollah army in a lengthy report, in which he stated that the zionist entity should activate during the next war with lebanon an unprecedented force, i.
He is a regular contributor to time magazine and janes information group publications. Almanar s stated purpose is to wage psychological warfare against the zionist entity by promoting hezbollah s worldview and encouraging resistance against israel. Interview of hezbollah secretary general sayyed hassan. The european union, other arab states, and the united nations all have been. Fdd fdds coalition against terrorist media calls hezbollah. Atkins explains that the impetus for the founding of the lebanese hezbollah came from the hezbollah party formed in iran in 1978 by hadi ghaffary, a cleric with close ties to ayatollah, and that khomeini decided to export his islamic revolution and to form a hezbollah group among the shiites. Almanar was designated as a specially designated global terrorist entity, and banned by the united states on 17 december 2004. Their tactical proficiency improved greatly during the 1990s, which led hezbollah to rely less on humanwave assaults and suicide car bombings, instead inflicting. Hezbollah has the armed strength of a mediumsized army.
According to the hezbollah affiliated almanar news outlet, the idf fired the shells into the hills outside of the village of kfar chouba, next to a contested area along the border, known in. Almanar, the selfproclaimed station of the resistance, qanat almuqawama is a key player in what hezbollah calls its psychological warfare against the zionist enemy and an integral part of hezbollah s plan to spread its message to the entire arab world. Institute for peace, has served in a variety of capacities in the white house including transition director of the national security council, and is currently distinguished fellow at george washington universitys school of media. An image grab taken from hezbollah s almanar tv shows nasrallah giving a televised address from an undisclosed location in lebanon, december 21, 2015. Hezbollahs propaganda 4689 words research paper example. Confronting information strategies in the 2006 lebanese war. As well as a political clout, hezbollah has wide popular appeal by providing social services and health care.
Almanar, the selfproclaimed station of the resistance, qanat almuqawama is a key player in what hezbollah calls its psychological warfare against the zionist enemy 171 172 and an integral part of hezbollah s plan to spread its message to the entire arab world. Hezbollah, the party of allah, is a lebanese muslim terrorist organization, established with syrian support in 1982 during the first lebanon war operation peace for the galilee. Hezbollah vs harakat almuqawama alislamia 3093 words. Hezbollah, of course, targets america as well as israel. Al manar s expressed mission is to wage psychological warfare against the zionist enemy. Hezbollah is generally considered the most powerful nonstate actor in the world, and to be stronger than the lebanese army. The almanar channel is hezbollah s main media outlet, reporting on news items, cultivating the personality cult of hassan nasrallah, inculcating hezbollah s ideology, engaging in the glorification of shahids, preaching loyalty to the islamic revolution in iran and its leaders, and engaging in propaganda and psychological warfare which are. The organizer of the group is a journalist who was close to hezbollah a decade ago, having been the host of a program on al manar, the hezbollah television channel, while another, also a. Nicholas blanford, the beirut correspondent for the times of london and the christian science monitor, has lived in lebanon since 1994. Jul 04, 2010 as well as a political clout, hezbollah has wide popular appeal by providing social services and health care. Whether its dealing with suicide bombings, cyber warfare, eco terrorism, or even nuclear terrorism it is something that all countries have to deal with at some point.
In her book massmediated terrorism, brigitte nacos discusses one instance. This indicator will analyze hezbollahs use of their tv station almanar. Hezbollah s use of propaganda is well documented in this book. Hezbollahs strategy and tactics in the security zone from. According to the us department of treasury, al manar is the media arm of the hizbullah. In an interview, an al manar official said its programming is meant to help people on the way to committing what you call in the west a suicide mission. Sheik hassan izzadin, in his capacity as a member of hezbollah s political council and director of hezbollah s mediarelations unit which directly oversees al manar, said to me. Hezbollah as a case study of the battle for hearts and minds. From the war zone, the new york suns eli lake reports that israeli psychological warfare has been clever and effective. Hezbollah solidified psychological warfare as an integral capability for the organizations success, and synchronized it with classical terrorist kinetic. An acknowledged authority on hezbollah, he has acted as a consultant on lebanese and syrian affairs for private firms and government institutions.
Hezbollah marks major triumph as qusayr tips back into assad. On hezbollah s almanar television station israeli intelligence wizards. Zionist media says almanar report on general gerstein. Hezbollahs media activities mainly happen through hezbollahs newspapers, hezbollahs al manar television station, and hezbollahs radio nour. America will fall just like the romans and the british. That is frankly speaking, and that is as a result of hezbollahs reading of the stl and its backgrounds, the way it was established, the way it takes its decisions, its performance and conduct, its gaps and its targets. Hezbollah psychological warfare against israel core. Hizballah activities once established as a militia, hizbollah received acclaim and legitimacy in lebanon and throughout the muslim world by fighting against idf and sla troops. That is frankly speaking, and that is as a result of hezbollah s reading of the stl and its backgrounds, the way it was established, the way it takes its decisions, its performance and conduct, its gaps and its targets.
Since its emergence, hezbollah has arguably become one of the model global guerrilla, terrorist, and insurgent organizations of the world. Zionist media says al manar report on general gerstein assassination part of hezbollah psychological warfare against entity march 1, 2018 march 1, 2018 live news middle east news top zionist entity. Sonenshine is a former undersecretary of state for public diplomacy and public affairs. The battle for hearts and minds in the second lebanon war was spearheaded by almanar tv, which survived and remained on the air, even after the israeli air force bombed its building in a southern suburb of beirut. It has also been banned by france, spain, and germany, and has run into some. News, opinion and commentary general interest printer friendly 33,741,399 articles and books. On the evening of friday, november 30, hezbollah s war media broadcasted this video addressed to israel and subtitled in hebrew, in response to recent israeli military exercises simulating an aggression against southern lebanon, an escalation of violations of lebanese airspace from which aggressions against syria are usually carried out by israeli drones, and new threats. Inside hezbollah s thirtyyear struggle against israel. Hezbollah, an extension of ashoura almanar tv lebanon. Hezbollah maintains a unit solely dedicated to psychological warfare that specializes. Hezbollah precisionguided missiles will cause mass destruction in israel, almanar psychological warfare exacerbates losses. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading warriors of god. An image grab taken from hezbollahs al manar tv shows nasrallah giving a televised address from an undisclosed location in lebanon, december 21, 2015. Almanar, the selfproclaimed station of the resistance, qanat almuqawama is a key player in what hezbollah calls its psychological warfare against the zionist enemy 167 168 and an integral part of hezbollah s plan to spread its message to the entire arab world.
In addition, ibrahim mussawi, director of englishlanguage news for al manar, in an interview with the new yorker s jeffrey goldberg, labeled jews a lesion on the. Interview with sheik zivhi tophieli, al ahad, hezbollah weekly, 16 february 1990. Media watchers will note the references to hezbollah s control over information, with its own television channel, almanar. Al manar was designated as a specially designated global terrorist entity, and banned by the united states on 17 december 2004.
Fdds coalition against terrorist media calls hezbollah al. Hezbollahs media empire the meir amit intelligence and. Pdf the 2006 war between israel and hezbollah had a significant. Hezbollah lebanons party of god is a multifaceted organisation. The 2006 lebanon war, also called the 2006 israelhezbollah war and known in lebanon as the july war arabic language. Conflicting information strategies in the 2006 lebanese war. Afp for years the israeli defense establishment has been claiming that hezbollah intelligences ability to penetrate the israel defense forces and other security forces is relatively limited. Hezbollah precisionguided missiles will cause mass destruction in israel, al manar psychological warfare exacerbates losses. As hezbollah s main financial body, bayt almal serves as a bank, creditor, and investment arm for hezbollah. Hezbollah as a case study of the battle for hearts and minds ddrr rreeuuvveenn eerrlliicchh aanndd ddrr yyoorraamm kkaahhaattii111 overview 1. Hezbollah has been a master of propaganda and psychological warfare since it.
Jun 05, 20 hezbollah marks major triumph as qusayr tips back into assad camp rebels abandoned the strategic city of qusayr on wednesday in a significant victory for syrias assad regime and a psychological. Recent photo of imad mugniyah, shown on al manar, hezbollah s television network. Gideons clash with the midyanites judges 6 is usually considered an early example where psychological warfare was used in battle. Wehrey, hizbullahs psychological campaign against israel in south lebanon, small wars and insurgencies, no. The conflict with israel has shown off hezbollahs new armory. Title and subtitle hezbollahs psychological warfare strategy against. Psychological operations during the israellebanon war 2006. Almanar began trying to influence israeli public opinion by. Hezbollah television almanar idf 1 believes that hezbollah s presence in television media would not suffice if it were not for the funding received from iran. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets.
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